Cambodia has enacted a new nationality law that permits the government to revoke the birthright citizenship of its citizens under certain conditions. The move has sparked concerns among rights groups, who fear it could be used as a political tool against critics of the ruling Cambodian People’s Party and the long-entrenched Hun Sen family.
The amendments, signed into effect on September 5, revise multiple provisions of the nationality law, including Article 29. Under the new rules, citizenship can be withdrawn in cases of treason, collaboration with foreign powers, actions threatening sovereignty or territorial integrity, voluntary service in foreign militaries, or holding office in another country without approval. It also applies to individuals who gained nationality through fraud or those convicted of terrorism or crimes against the King.
The law specifies that revocation is only possible if the individual is over 18, already holds another nationality, and the decision is made through a royal decree based on the prime minister’s recommendation. While the legislation is officially framed as a safeguard for national security, observers warn it may disproportionately target political activists, opposition figures, and dissenters.
Rights advocates also point out that many wealthy foreigners who obtained Cambodian nationality, particularly influential Chinese investors, are unlikely to face action under the law. Critics argue the measure consolidates power further within the Hun Sen family, narrowing political freedoms and stifling dissent in Cambodia’s already restricted political environment.